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Road to the 2022 Bali Summits

Summary of G20 2022 Energy Transitions Working Group (ETWG) Side Events

G20 Energy Transitions Ministers' Meeting
Bali, September 2, 2022
[pdf]

1. Ensuring People-Centred Transitions for All
   6 April – International Energy Agency (IEA)

   The event demonstrated the need for jobs, skills and training to be at the heart of energy transitions, one of the three pillars of Indonesia G20 Presidency. While transitioning to clean energy is associated with a number of job losses in traditional fossil fuel energy sectors, workshop participants underlined these should not undermine the even greater number of new economic opportunities the transition offers. Therefore, clean energy transition policies need to be truly people-centred, fair and inclusive. Speakers highlighted the need for governments, employees, and employers to come together to discuss transition issues. Speakers underscored the value of international best practice exchange and co-operation on just transitions across the G20, as set out in the G20 Bali Clean Energy Transitions Roadmap.

2. Making CCS/CCUS Affordable: Enabling CCUS Deployment in G20 and Beyond
   13 April – Economic Research Institute of ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)

   The developing world will need to rely on CCUS to decarbonize emission as many countries still rely on fossil fuel during the energy transition. Reducing costs of CCUS in the developing world is key to this transition. This workshop co-organized by ERIA proposes several ways to make CCUS affordable. First, meeting 2030 CCUS deployment targets by combining research and innovation with governmental support as well as public-private sectors should lead to CCUS commercialization. Second, regional collaboration is imperative for achieving economies of scale to reduce costs of CCUS. Third, identifying low-cost CCUS opportunities is important, while leveraging the experience, expertise, and resources of the oil and gas sector. Fourth, the development of value chain networks and hubs of CCUS could help accelerate deployment of CCUS. Finally, capacity building and knowledge sharing on CCUS are so critical to understand the elements of the suite of CCUS technologies and required policies.

3. Maintaining Energy Security during Transitions
   20 April – IEA

   Invited speakers highlighted the critical importance of energy security to our societies in the light of the coronavirus pandemic, geopolitical turbulences and the deepening global energy crisis. In response, governments should strengthen the resilience of energy systems through greater energy efficiency, diversified energy sources, and resilient and sustainable energy supply chains. G20 economies drive the global economic recovery through clean energy finance and investment. To avoid any lock-in from new investment, it is important to evaluate the repurposing of existing fossil fuel infrastructure to the production, use and transport of a range of low-emission fuels before such infrastructure is decommissioned. Government speakers called for enhanced international collaboration on clean energy transitions, notably on hydrogen and critical minerals, to make future energy security more robust.

4. Achieving Global Energy Access Goals in the Decade of Actions
   27 April - Sustainable Energy for All (SEforAll)

   The G20 Secretariat of the ETWG and SEforALL organized a virtual side event, "Achieving Global Energy Access Goals in the Decade of Action". This virtual side event brought together experts to discuss the global challenges and regional barriers to universal energy access around electrification and clean cooking to provide G20 members and partners with more detailed understanding of how universal energy access goals can be met. Highlights of the dialogue included an in-depth analysis of the modern energy minimum, proposed by the Energy for Growth Hub, the state of finance flows to energy access, the opportunity to address both electrification and modern clean cooking technologies, and the importance of last-mile strategies such as those being undertaken in Indonesia. As a result, this virtual side event has positioned key ideas that have been incorporated into the discussions of the G20 Bali Clean Energy Transitions Roadmap.

5. Escalating Gas Role in Energy Transitions
   11 May – ERIA

   The energy transition, the current geopolitical crisis, and the developing economies' struggle to procure access to clean energy, show the crucial role of natural gas. Nevertheless, the geopolitical tensions have increased the gas price in global markets and have triggered its volatility. The workshop, co-organized by ERIA, recommends three groups of actions to escalate the role of natural gas. First, the G20 countries need to acknowledge the crucial role of natural gas in the energy transition, in fulfilling universal energy needs, ensuring energy security, and facilitating the penetration of VRE and advanced technologies. Second, G20 countries should hold events to stimulate the use of the different cooperation financing schemes for developing and emerging economies and engage in international initiatives in relation to the promotion of CCUS. Third, G20 countries should implement capacity building programs for the developing regions by promoting the creation of more integrated and transparent gas markets.

6. Assuring Energy Access and Transitions in Archipelagic States
   18 May – United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)

   Recognizing the energy transition as a potential opportunity for the eradication of energy poverty, the assurance of a just and equitable transition will be a key focus of efforts over the coming decade in order to mitigate the potential negative socio-economic impacts. The G20 Indonesia Presidency recognizes the particular challenges in delivering universal energy access in archipelagic circumstances, especially in the case of small island developing states. This event sought to provide participants with insights into the opportunities and challenges arising in those situations.

   Speakers and participants recognized that the current trajectory would result in a failure to deliver universal access, but that the challenges are far from insurmountable. Participants highlighted potential improvements in technology, finance (both private finance and investment from multilateral development banks), and the need for strengthening international collaboration – including among the G20 members – to support energy access globally.

   ESCAP and the G20 Indonesia Presidency closed by noting their plans to amplify the recommendations, practices, and experiences discussed during this event by highlighting the issue of archipelagic energy access and proposing tangible actions to the ETWG and at Ministerial-level discussions of the G20.

7. Boosting Geothermal Power
   25 May – International Geothermal Association (IGA)

   Co-Organized by IGA, the webinar discussed about the key factors to boost geothermal development. The important points, among others: At the global level, there is potentially 1 TW worth of geothermal energy which can be developed in many applications. By using cascade-use scheme (combination of electricity generation and direct-use applications), geothermal developers can generate more revenue and contribute more in energy transition. For the financing facilities could be supported from development banks, public investment fund, green fund, and commercial banks. However, a certain risk sharing mechanism is needed to lower the business risk and increase the economic feasibilities. The mechanism can be in the form of cost-sharing mechanism, geothermal resource risk insurance mechanism, and early-stage fiscal incentives. And in order to boost geothermal development in Indonesia, several enabling environments must be created which include regulation frameworks, technologies capabilities, business certainties, and partnership opportunities.

8. Highlighting Nuclear Potentials in Energy Transitions
   10 June – International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

   IAEA and the government of Indonesia organized a technical webinar on the topic of "Nuclear Potentials in Energy Transitions – Onward to The G20 Summit 2022." Nuclear power can support energy transition to zero emission, not only for the power sector, but beyond the electricity sector, which can generate jobs and spur economic growth. Nuclear technology options, focusing in particular on small modular reactors, can be attractive options for developing countries, while still paying attention to the safe, secure and sustainable operational plans. IAEA can support member states for the development of a sustainable national infrastructure required for safe, secure and the peaceful nuclear power program, and also facilitate an intern regional project to build the capacities of member state in the area of Small Modular Reactors (SMR) and to exam how it can be utilized to support climate change medication.

9. Expanding Solar, Wind, and Ocean Energy Solutions
   8 June – International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

   On 8 June, IRENA and the government of Indonesia organized a technical webinar on the topic of "Expanding solar, wind and ocean energy". Solar, wind and ocean energies are key technologies that will be needed to accelerate the energy transition, with innovative emerging technology solutions such as floating solar PV and floating wind turbines. Affordability and financing are key considerations in upscaling renewable technologies. Government commitment to international climate targets must be translated into stable and predictable policies and international cooperation must be strengthened with shared interest followed by more investment and projects in emerging economies, in order to further advance the development of these key technologies.

10. Accelerating Green Hydrogen Technologies and Energy Storage for The Energy Transition
    15 June – IRENA

    On 15 June, IRENA and the government of Indonesia organised a technical webinar on the topic of "Accelerating Green Hydrogen Technologies and Energy Storage for The Energy Transition." Green hydrogen and energy storage are becoming the critical enablers of innovative technologies that are prone to address the multifaceted issues of the decarbonisation of the energy sector. Green hydrogen and storage contribution spans from enhancing power system flexibility to decarbonising energy-intensive processes in industry and transport. Therefore, stronger international cooperation in hydrogen and energy storage and multi-level partnership in the global and regional sphere is required to ensure accessibility, affordability, and security of those technologies.

11. Biofuels for Green Economy
    16 June – Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM)

    Co-Organized by CEM, a virtual webinar on the topic of "Biofuel for Green Economy" aims to disseminate the most recent biofuel development and discuss the biofuel issues and challenges toward net zero emissions. Biofuel industry is the second largest renewable energy sector in terms of employment, only behind solar energy in the world and significantly contribute to the achievement of Agenda 2030 SDGs as well as carbon neutrality. Biofuels still hold the enabling keys towards green and sustainable economy, in particular significant contribution of biofuels stretches in the massive industrial value chains, from the upstream sector in agricultural sectors, into the downstream sector for it use in the energy sectors. A roadmap of action involving all stakeholders is required for the development and sustainability of sustainable biofuel governance so that biofuels can be properly understood and regulated.

12. Energy Efficiency: Scaling Up Strategies
    29 June – United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

    This webinar provided an overview of the key barriers and constraints to energy efficiency (EE) from a technical, financial, institutional, and policy perspective. It is highlighted global challenges (growing demand, energy security, infrastructure bottlenecks and shortfalls, economic growth and competitiveness) and pointed out the barriers that must be addressed to increase energy efficiency and unlock financing. New and innovative technologies will play a key role in industrial decarbonization. It suggested to establish a clear legal umbrella for ESCOs and developing a local ecosystem with local players who can bridge the needs of financiers, building owners, and technology solution providers. Successful policies and incentive schemes prove to raise ambition on energy efficiency and unlock investments. Governments need to work together on creating an enabling environment for EE investments, leading intensive stakeholders' dialogue with industries, and facilitate strong partnerships between energy efficiency project promoters and financial institutions.

13. Joint Webinar on Energy and Climate Financing
    13 July – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

    This webinar co-organized with the MEMR and MoEF and co-led by the OECD. The event began with a keynote from MEMR highlighting the investment requirements for Indonesia's clean energy transition. OECD provided an overview of the latest status on climate financing, highlighting the need for urgent action to accelerate investments in climate adaptation and mitigation. IEA provided an overview of the newest energy investment trends. Some of the key messages discussed were: Country ownership and leadership in the investment plan are essential; Strong regulations are crucial to unlocking private capital; MDBs need to leverage limited public funding to attract private sector participation by focusing on de-risking investment; Blended finance would be an essential instrument to improve the bankability of projects; and new partnership models will be needed to enhance collaboration across stakeholders.

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Source: Official website of Indonesia's G20 Presidency